Kenya faces frequent power blackouts due to climate change, which has led to reduced water levels and disrupted power generation from hydroelectric plants. This growing energy crisis demands that the country explore alternative power sources such as nuclear and geothermal energy, which can provide a stable and sustainable supply for both residential and industrial use. As East Africa’s economic powerhouse, and positioning itself as a key business investment hub in the continent, Kenya must address its rising energy demand. By forming strategic partnerships, Kenya can ensure it has sufficient energy to meet domestic needs and even export to neighbouring nations.

One of Kenya’s most ambitious plans is to achieve universal electricity access by 2030. Currently, 77 percent of the population has electricity, thanks to initiatives like the Last Mile Connectivity programme. However, as global warming exacerbates energy challenges, it is imperative for Kenya to diversify its energy sources. Nuclear energy is emerging as a promising solution. According to a 2022 World Bank report, Kenya’s energy access is growing, but more is needed to meet future demands.

The recent agreement between Kenya’s Nuclear Power and Energy Agency and China Nuclear Engineering and Construction Corporation marks a significant step toward addressing the country’s energy deficit. If fully implemented, this partnership will help Kenya begin developing its first nuclear power plant by 2027. This collaboration is expected to accelerate the country’s energy diversification, ensuring long-term energy security.

At present, Kenya relies heavily on geothermal, hydro, and fossil fuels. While geothermal energy is abundant, it is geographically concentrated in certain regions, and reliance on hydroelectric power leaves the country vulnerable to climate change, especially during droughts. Fossil fuels are costly and environmentally damaging. Nuclear energy, however, could provide a clean, reliable, and high-output power source capable of meeting both current and future energy demands.

China’s involvement is critical to Kenya’s nuclear energy ambitions. As a global leader in nuclear technology, China possesses the necessary expertise, financial resources, and infrastructure to help Kenya establish and maintain nuclear power plants. This partnership not only aligns with Kenya’s broader infrastructure goals but also provides an opportunity for long-term collaboration. China’s involvement could stimulate economic growth in Kenya, with benefits extending beyond the energy sector into infrastructure development and industrial expansion.

China’s ‘request-based’ policy enables the financing of major projects like nuclear power plants, making it an ideal partner for a developing nation like Kenya. While Western countries may hesitate to offer significant support, China’s financing options allow Kenya to access advanced nuclear technology without straining its budget. Though nuclear energy projects are expensive, the long-term efficiency and low operational costs would make them cost-effective over time. Furthermore, China’s Belt and Road Initiative could lead to additional projects, expanding Kenya’s economic development prospects in sectors beyond energy.

China’s experience in nuclear power also reduces the risks for Kenya. Nuclear projects are complex, requiring specialized knowledge and rigorous safety measures. China’s proven track record in building and operating nuclear plants makes it a valuable partner for Kenya, which is still developing its nuclear expertise. This collaboration ensures that Kenya’s nuclear energy plants will meet the highest safety standards.

Additionally, nuclear energy could position Kenya as a regional leader in clean energy. By providing a low-emission energy source, Kenya would not only reduce its dependence on fossil fuels but also contribute to global efforts to combat climate change. As more nations prioritise sustainability, those with stable, clean energy sources, like nuclear power, will attract international investment and enhance their global standing. Kenya’s role as a clean energy hub could further solidify its position as a leading economy in Africa.

However, Kenya must invest in local expertise to manage nuclear operations safely. While nuclear energy is cleaner than fossil fuels, it still produces radioactive waste that requires proper long-term management and storage. Developing the necessary infrastructure for waste management and decommissioning is essential for ensuring the safety and sustainability of nuclear power.

— The writer is a Journalist and Communications Consultant-