In recent years, two global crises have continued to escalate; posing significant threats to human health and development. That is non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and climate change.

While these challenges may seem distinct, they are two sides of the same coin. They are deeply interconnected, sharing common drivers, risk factors, and potential solutions.

Both NCDs such as heart disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer and climate change stem from human-induced changes in the environment and lifestyle.

The rapid urbanization, industrialization, and deforestation that drive climate change also contribute to the rise of NCDs.

Air pollution, for instance, is a leading environmental factor behind respiratory illnesses like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Similarly, excessive reliance on processed foods, lack of physical activity, and increasing stress levels due to urban pressures contribute to the surge in NCDs.

Vulnerable populations also disproportionately feel the impacts of both crises. Low-income communities, particularly in developing nations, bear the brunt of climate change effects such as extreme heat, floods, and food insecurity while also having limited access to healthcare services to manage NCDs. Rising temperatures exacerbate heat-related illnesses and worsen conditions such as cardiovascular diseases.

Given the interconnected nature of these challenges, solutions should be holistic, addressing both NCDs and climate change simultaneously.

Some promising approaches that can be adopted include promoting active and sustainable lifestyles. Encouraging walking, cycling, and the use of public transport can reduce air pollution while also lowering the risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.

Cities should invest in green spaces, pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, and policies that support physical activity.

Apart from that there is need to transform our food systems. The modern diet, rich in processed foods and industrial meat production, contributes to both NCDs and climate change.

A shift towards plant-based, locally sourced diets not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also decreases the prevalence of diet-related diseases. Governments should promote policies that support sustainable agriculture and healthy food choices.

Improving air quality is another solution. The reason is fossil fuel combustion from industries, transport, and household cooking remains a major driver of both climate change and respiratory illnesses.

Transitioning to clean energy sources such as solar and wind power, along with the adoption of electric mobility, can improve air quality and health outcomes.

Finally, our health services must also be equipped to handle the double burden of climate-related illnesses and NCDs. This means investing in early detection programs, increasing community awareness, and integrating climate adaptation strategies into healthcare planning.

Addressing these crises together could lead to more sustainable and effective interventions that improve both human well-being and environmental resilience.

—The writer is a Science writer with People Daily and PD Wikendi