The Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Kenya aims to equip learners with practical skills suited to their career aspirations. In senior school, students select pathways in Arts & Sports, Social Sciences, or Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). However, a recent decision by the Ministry of Education to remove Mathematics as a compulsory subject in some CBC pathways has sparked widespread criticism.

Stakeholders argue that sidelining Mathematics could hinder national progress and violate students’ rights to essential knowledge.

While the CBC system promotes specialisation, Mathematics and English should remain compulsory across all pathways due to their fundamental role in education, professional development, and economic growth. This article explores the critical role of Mathematics and English in education and why they remain indispensable in shaping a nation’s intellectual and economic future.

Mathematics is often regarded as the backbone of education, influencing various aspects of life beyond the classroom. From problem-solving to career development, financial literacy, and analytical thinking, Mathematics plays a crucial role in shaping well-rounded individuals prepared for the challenges of the modern world.

One of the most significant benefits of studying Mathematics is its ability to enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Whether it is determining the best route to take in traffic or managing daily expenses, mathematical reasoning helps individuals make informed decisions efficiently.

Problem-solving skills gained through Mathematics are invaluable, not only in academics but also in real-life situations, where critical thinking and logical analysis are required to navigate complex challenges.

Mathematics is also a fundamental pillar for careers in science, technology, engineering, and medicine (STEM). These fields rely heavily on mathematical principles for innovation and advancements. Engineers use calculus and algebra to design structures, scientists rely on statistics for research, and medical professionals apply mathematical models to diagnose diseases and interpret data. Without a solid foundation in mathematics, progress in these critical fields would be significantly hindered.

Beyond its application in careers, Mathematics is essential for financial literacy. In today’s world, where personal finance management is a key aspect of economic stability, understanding mathematical concepts such as budgeting, interest rates, and investment strategies is crucial. Mathematics equips individuals with the skills to make sound financial decisions, ensuring a secure future.

Furthermore, studying Mathematics improves analytical thinking, enabling students to assess situations logically and evaluate multiple outcomes before making decisions. These skills are not only useful in academic settings but also in everyday life, where critical reasoning is required for problem-solving and decision-making.

In addition, Mathematics supports the understanding of other subjects, particularly in sciences and social sciences. Physics and chemistry rely on mathematical calculations to explain natural phenomena, while economics uses mathematical models to analyse market trends. A strong grasp of Mathematics enhances comprehension in these subjects, allowing students to excel in their studies.

Mathematics is sometimes referred to as the language of the Gods because of its universality. It is essential in all career pathways, not just STEM and TVET fields. In the Arts & Sports pathway, athletes, musicians, and designers use mathematical concepts in statistics, measurements, and financial literacy. Similarly, in Social Sciences, Mathematics is essential for data analysis, budgeting, and research methodologies, ensuring informed decision-making.

Excluding Mathematics from certain career pathways poses significant risks. It can lead to limited career mobility and reduced job opportunities, as many professions require basic competency in this subject. Poor comprehension and analytical skills can hinder professional growth, making it difficult for individuals to adapt to different work environments.

The writer is a Professor of Chemistry at the University of Eldoret, a former Vice-Chancellor, and a Quality Assurance Expert.