World Bank Group President David Malpass has said Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic is pushing up poverty and debt levels in low-income countries, highlighting a “tragic reversal” in development.

“It’s already pushed nearly 100 million people into extreme poverty. That’s the added number in extreme poverty,” he said at a virtual press conference during the ongoing IMF-World Bank Annual Meetings. 

“We’re witnessing a tragic reversal in development. The progress in reducing extreme poverty has been set back by years – for some, by a decade,” he continued. 

Noting that inequality is worsening across country groups, Malpass said per capita income in advanced economies is growing nearly 5 per cent in 2021, compared to only 0.5 per cent in low-income countries. 

“The outlook remains grim for most of the developing world. There’s high inflation, there’s too few jobs, there’s shortages that extend to food, water, and electricity,” he said, highlighting ongoing factory and port shutdowns, and the bottlenecks in logistics and supply chains.

In response to a question from Xinhua, the World Bank chief said that the backsliding on women, on children, and on the vulnerable are all tragic setbacks due to the pandemic and the global economic disruption.

“There needs to be a system of global international finance that is better suited toward people getting jobs in the poorest countries in order to reduce poverty,” he said.

Malpass also stressed that many countries, especially the poor ones, are faced with debt challenges.

In the International Debt Statistics released Monday, the World Bank estimated that debt burden in low-income countries rose by 12 per cent to a record $860 billion in 2020.

The report noted that even prior to the pandemic, many low- and middle-income countries were already in a vulnerable position, with slowing economic growth and public and external debt at elevated levels. 

External debt distress

External debt stocks of low- and middle-income countries combined rose 5.3 per cent in 2020 to $8.7 trillion. 

Noting that many countries are in external debt distress or at high risk of it, Malpass told reporters that “we need a comprehensive approach, including debt reduction, swifter restructuring, and more transparency in order to make progress on this problem.” 

In the 15 months ending in June 2021, the multilateral lender committed $157 billion of financing to help countries in need, and “a chunk of it is in grants,” according to Malpass.

Meanwhile, an International Monetary Fund (IMF) official has voiced his concerns over a “great financing divide” between advanced economies and low-income developing countries, warning of the pandemic’s scarring effects and calling for strengthened multilateral efforts.

“In the case of low-income developing countries, there is a very persistent financing gap.

And we sometimes label this financing gap into contrast with advanced economies as one important aspect of a great financing divide,” said Vitor Gaspar, director of IMF’s Fiscal Affairs Department.  – Xinhua